Roma Civil Monitor – Knowledge bank
This document is a selection of most relevant legislation, policy documents of EU institutions, international organisations and member states, data sources, and civil society and expert papers that may support the preparation of civil society monitoring reports on the implementation of national Roma integration strategies.
General relevance
Legislation
European Commission (2021): Roma equality, inclusion and participation
European Commission (2013): effective Roma integration measures in the Member States
Policy documents
European Commission (2020): EU Roma strategic framework for equality, inclusion and participation
European Commission (2017): Inclusion of Roma, early childhood education
European Commission (2011): An EU framework for national Roma integration strategies up to 2020
Data sources
FRA (2009): European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey (EU-MIDIS) The Roma http://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2009/eu-midis-data-focus-report-1-roma
FRA (2011): Results from the Roma survey 2011 http://fra.europa.eu/en/publications-and-resources/data-and-maps/survey-data-explorer-results-2011-roma-survey
FRA-UNDP (2012): The situation of Roma in 11 Member States http://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2012/situation-roma-11-eu-member-states-survey-results-glance
FRA (2016): Second European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey (EU-MIDIS II) Roma – Selected findings http://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2016/eumidis-ii-roma-selected-findings
Further FRA publications http://fra.europa.eu/en/theme/roma
Civil society papers
Decade of Roma Inclusion Secretariat (2013): Civil society monitoring reports on the implementation of the national Roma integration strategy in 2012, Summary report https://cps.ceu.edu/roma-civil-monitor-civil-society-monitoring-reports
Gypsy, Traveller and Roma: Experts by Experience. 2014 http://www.anglia.ac.uk/news/report-demands-an-end-to-acceptable-racism
OSF (2017): Revisiting the EU Roma Framework. Assessing the European Dimension for the Post-2020 Future https://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/reports/revisiting-eu-roma-framework-assessing-european-dimension-post-2020-future
Governance and overall policy framework
Legislation
European Commission: Cohesion Policy legislation 2021-2027
Policy documents
European Court of Auditors (2016): EU policy initiatives and financial support for Roma integration
EURoma Network (2016): Structural Funds and Roma inclusion
EURoma (2021): Checklist for the Effective Inclusion of Roma Interventions within European Cohesion Policy Funds programming 2021-2027 programming
EURoma (2022): How to guarantee that the European Child Guarantee efficiently tackles Roma children’s poverty and inequality gap?
European Commission (2016): New European handbook on equality data
European Commission (2017): national mapping and focus on ethnic minorities and LGBTI people
UNDP (2013): Exposing Structural Disparities of Romani Women
FRA (from 2013 on): Local Engagement for Roma Inclusion
European Commission (2022): On the Situation of Roma People Living in Settlements in the EU
European Commission (2010): The 10 common basic principles on Roma inclusion
European Commission (2020): Considering the diversity of the Roma population in a post-2020 EU-initiative for Roma equality and inclusion
European Commission (2019): A meta-evaluation of interventions for Roma inclusion
European Commission (2012): What works for Roma inclusion in the EU
European Commission (2023): 16th European Platform for Roma Inclusion – all documents
European Commission (2020): The Quality of Participation in a post-2020 EU-Initiative for Roma Equality and Inclusion
Civil society papers
ERRC (2012): Challenges of Representation, Voice on Roma Politics, Power and Participation
ERRC (2021): Blighted Lives: Romani Children in State Care
OSF (2014): Making the Most of EU Funds for Roma (MtM) program
ERRC (2013): ROMANI CHILDREN IN EUROPE – THE FACTS
CEU (2012-14): Faces and Causes of Marginalization of the Roma in Local Settings Faces and Causes of Marginalization of the Roma in Local Settings
Anti-discrimination
Legislation
European Commission (2000): implementing the principle of equal treatment between persons irrespective of racial or ethnic origin
European Commission (2004): on the right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States
Policy documents
UN OHCHR (2007): Forced evictions
European Commission (2014): implementing the principle of equal treatment between persons irrespective of racial or ethnic origin and establishing a general framework for equal treatment in employment and occupation
European Commission (2015): Guidance for Member States on the use of European Structural and Investment Funds in tackling educational and spatial segregation
European Commission (from 2015 on): A comparative analysis of non-discrimination law in Europe – 2016
Council of Europe (2015): Thematic Report on Child/Early and Forced Marriages within Roma Communities in the context of the promotion of gender equality (Romania, Italy, Republic of Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, United Kingdom)
Council of Europe (2021): Empowerment of Roma and Traveller women: a change under construction
Civil society papers
ERRC (2017): Thirsting for Justice: New Report Reveals Depth of Discrimination faced by Europe’s Roma in Accessing Water
Further ERRC publications: Challenging discrimination promoting equality
Addressing anti-Roma racism (antigypsyism)
Legislation
Council Framework Decision 2008: combating certain forms and expressions of racism and xenophobia by means of criminal law
European Parliament resolution (2015) on the occasion of International Roma Day: anti-Gypsyism in Europe and EU recognition of the Memorial Day of the Roma genocide during World War II
Policy documents
Council of Europe: European Commission against Racism and Intolerance
The Greens / EFA in the European Parliament (2017): Countering antigypsyism in Europe
Council of Europe (2017): Study Visit to the UK Forced Marriage Unit (United Kingdom, Finland, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Poland)
Council of Europe (2015): Thematic report on addressing and combating human trafficking within Roma communities (Albania, Greece, Italy, Netherlands and Romania)
Council of Europe (2013): Thematic report on combating anti-Gypsyism, hate speech and hate crime against Roma (Hungary, Czech Republic, Italy, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom)
UNPD (2012): Civil Society, Civil Involvement and Social Inclusion of Roma
FRA (2018): Working with Roma: Participation and empowerment of local communities
FRA (2018): A persisting concern: anti-Gypsyism as a barrier to Roma inclusion
Council of Europe (2021): Discrimination Rostas Antigypsism: Causes, Prevalence, Consequences, Possible solutions
ERGO (2022): Synthesis Report on ANTIGYPSYIST ONLINE HATE SPEECH
Civil society papers
Alliance against antigypsyism: Online platform for the fight against antigypsyism
CEPS (2017): Combating Institutional Anti-Gypsyism
RCM (2024): Diversity in the national Roma strategic frameworks (ad hoc report)
RCM (2024): Digital Inclusion of Roma: Current Patterns, Trends, and Barriers
Education
Policy documents
UNESCO (2012): Opportunities lost: The impact of grade repetition and early school leaving
European Commission (2016): Education and Training Monitor
OECD (2020): Inclusion of Roma Students in Europe: A literature review and examples of policy initiatives
UNPD (2012): Roma Education in Comparative Perspective
UNICEF (2022): Education pathways in Roma settlements: Understanding inequality in education and learning
FRA (2014): Education: the situation of Roma in 11 EU Member States
UNICEF (2011): The right of Roma children to education
European Commission (2024): Education and training monitor
Council of Europe (2020): Strategic Action Plan for Roma and Traveller Inclusion (2020-2025)
ERGO NETWORK (2021): THE SITUATION OF ROMA IN EUROPE
UNICEF (2022): Rights denied the impact of discrimination on children
Council of Europe (2017): Thematic report on Roma schools’ mediators and assistants (Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova Rep., Norway, North Macedonia, Poland, Portugal)
Council of Europe (2013): Thematic report on school attendance for Roma children, in particular Roma girls (Finland, Latvia, Norway, Sweden)
Council of Europe (2012): Thematic report on school dropout/absenteeism of Roma children (Netherlands, Hungary, Spain, Sweden)
Council of Europe (2012): Thematic report on inclusive education for Roma children (Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Hungary, Slovenia, United Kingdom)
Council of Europe (2015): Thematic report on inclusive pre-school education for Roma children (Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia, North Macedonia, Poland)
Council of Europe (2016): Thematic report on vocational education and training for Roma (Poland, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Finland, North Macedonia, Turkey)
Council of Europe (2018): Thematic report on the effective enrolment and attendance of Roma children throughout compulsory school education and the added value of vocational education for Roma youth (Republic of Moldova, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Hungary, the Netherlands, Poland, Ukraine)
Civil society papers
Open Society Foundations (2012): Roma Early Childhood Inclusion
Employment
Policy documents
World Bank (2010): Roma Inclusion: An Economic Opportunity for Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Romania and Serbia Policy Note
FRA (2018): Transition from education to employment of young Roma in nine EU Member State
UNPD (2020): The position of Roma women and men in the labour markets of the Western Balkans
Publications Office of the European Union (2014): Poverty and employment: the situation of Roma in 11 EU Member States
ERGO NETWORK (2024): ROMA ACCESS TO DECENT AND SUSTAINABLE EMPLOYMENT in Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, Spain
ERGO NETWORK (2017): Investing in our future: What work(s) for young Roma?
CELSI (2013): OVERVIEW OF THE LABOUR MARKET SITUATION OF LOW-EDUCATED AND ROMA POPULATION AND REGULATIONS AFFECTING THEIR EMPLOYMENT
Regional Cooperation Council (2020): POTENTIALS FOR ROMA EMPLOYMENT IN THE ENLARGEMENT REGION
IZA (2020): Roma integration in European labour markets
European Commission (2021): European Network of Public Employment Services Support to vulnerable groups
European Commission (2024): European Network of Public Employment Services – PES digital services to successfully integrate vulnerable jobseekers
OECD (2021): Integrating local services for individuals in vulnerable situations
Civil society papers
NEUJOBS (2014): PATTERNS OF ROMA EMPLOYMENT IN EUROPE
Housing
Policy documents
Habitat for Humanity (2024): Addressing Housing Deprivation of Roma in Central and Eastern Europe
FEANTSA (2020): Roma experience of homelessness in Europe
FEANTSA (2020): FORCED EVICTIONS OF ROMA: “EUROPE’S SILENT SCANDAL”
FRA (2009): Housing conditions of Roma and Travellers in the European Union – Comparative report | European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights
ERGO NETWORK (2023): ROMA ACCESS TO QUALITY AND AFFORDABLE HOUSING in Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, Spain
European Environmental Bureau (2020): PUSHED TO THE WASTELANDS Environmental racism against Roma communities in Central and Eastern Europe
European Environmental Bureau (2024): Bearing the brunt: Roma and traveller experiences of environmental racism
Spanish Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality (2024): STUDY-MAP ON HOUSING AND THE ROMA POPULATION
MABS (2019): ACCOMMODATING ETHNICITY Addressing Energy Poverty Among Travellers Living in Mobile Homes and Trailers
ERRC (2019): Europe’s Roma Denied Access to Clean Water and Sanitation
Council of Europe (2013): Thematic report on social housing for Roma and legalisation of Roma settlements and houses (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia)
Council of Europe (2012): Thematic report on social housing for Roma (North Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Spain)
Council of Europe (2013): Thematic report on encampment areas and other issues relating to travellers (Belgium, France, Switzerland, United Kingdom)
Council of Europe (2014): Thematic report on legalisation of Roma informal settlements, rehousing solutions and alternative measures to evictions (Serbia, Greece, Slovak Republic, Spain)
European Environment Agency (2019): Unequal exposure and unequal impacts: social vulnerability to air pollution, noise and extreme temperatures in Europe
European Commission (2024): Examples of successful housing desegregation as a precondition of Roma integration
European Commission (2023): Ensuring equal access to adequate desegregated housing through better use of EU and national funds
Civil society papers
OSCE (2014): Housing Models for Substandard Roma Settlements
OSCE (2006): Roma Housing and Settlements in South-Eastern Europe
RCM (2024): Examples of successful housing desegregation as a precondition of Roma integration
Health
Policy documents
EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2014): Roma Health Report Health status of the Roma population. Data collection in the Member States of the European Union
UNPD (2012): The health situation of Roma communities
UNICEF (2007): BREAKING THE CYCLE OF EXCLUSION ROMA CHILDREN IN SOUTHEAST EUROPE
ERGO NETWORK (2022): ROMA ACCESS TO ADEQUATE HEALTHCARE AND LONG-TERM CARE in Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, and Spain
UNPD (2005): Faces of poverty, faces of hope
WHO (2010): Poverty and social exclusion in the WHO European Region: health systems respond
Council of Europe (2016): Thematic report on Roma health mediators (Bulgaria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Turkey)
EPHA (2018): CLOSING THE LIFE EXPECTANCY GAP OF ROMA IN EUROPE
Civil society papers
Open Society Foundations (2011): Roma Health Mediators: Successes and Challenges
Open Society Foundations (2004): Mediating Romani health. policy and program opportunities.
Multifactorial
Policy documents
FRA (2018): Second European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey. Roma – Selected findings
FRA (2022): ROMA IN 10 EUROPEAN COUNTRIES MAIN RESULTS
European Parliament (2020): The social and employment situation of Roma communities in Slovakia
FRA (2018): Transition from Education to Employment of Young Roma in Nine EU Member States
EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2015): Guidance for Member States on the use of European Structural and Investment Funds in tackling educational and spatial segregation
Eurochild (2023): Children’s Rights: Political will or won’t?
European Roma Rights Centre (2024): Temporary Protection: The Ongoing Struggle of Romani Refugees from Ukraine in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Moldova, Romania, and Slovakia
European Commission (2021): How poverty and exclusion over generations affect aspirations, hope and decisions, and how to address it
Civil society and expert papers
Thematic collections of country-specific papers
Policy documents
Council of Europe, ECRI country monitoring work European Commission against Racism and Intolerance
World Bank (2010): Roma inclusion: An economic opportunity for Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Romania and Serbia
Civil society and expert papers
Decade of Roma Inclusion Secretariat (2013): Civil society monitoring reports on the implementation of the national Roma integration strategy in 2012, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia and Spain
Decade of Roma Inclusion Secretariat (2014): Civil society monitoring reports on the implementation of the national Roma integration strategy in 2012 and 2013, Croatia, France, Germany, Italy and the UK
ERRC publications Challenging discrimination promoting equality
European Equality Law Network publications: network of legal experts in gender equality and non-discrimination